
Seventeen of these heads are known, carved from basalt boulders brought more than 150 kilometres from the Tuxtla Mountains to Olmec centres on Mexico's Gulf Coast. Each has broad features, a heavy brow and its own close-fitting headdress, which is why they are thought to portray individual rulers. The head shown stands in Villahermosa; the others are divided among Mexican museums.
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The headgear may represent protective helmets, perhaps for war or the ritual ballgame. The backs are often flat, and two heads were recarved from massive stone thrones.
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